Lun bawang

Lun Bawang

Lun bawang is an ethnic group found in central borneo. they are indeginious people to the highland of Kalimantan,Brunei(temburong District),southwest of sabah(interior Division)and northen region of sarawak(Limbang). Lun bawang are catogorised under the orang ulu people; in the neighbouring state of Sabah and Krayn valley in Kalimantan, they are commonly known as Lundayah or Lun Daye. The Lun Bawang People identified themselves using various names, for example Lun Lad and Lun Tana Luun.

This ethic groups are traditionally agriculture and prodge animal husbandry such as rearing poulty, pigs and buffaloes. Lun bawang are also known to be the hunters and fisherman.

FESTIVAL AND CELEBRATION

Lun bawang people celebrates Irau Ace Lun bawang annually on the first of June in Lawas sarawak. This festival is traditionally a celebration of the rive harvest but now it showcases a variety of Lun Bawang culture and events such as "Ruran Ulung" (beauty pageant contest) and "ngiup suling" (bamboo musical instrument band)

RELIGION

Lun Bawang rae mostly animist before the 1920s (Vyner Brooke), christian missionaries especially of the Borneo Evangelical mission denomination had more access to the Lun Bawang highland and the also preached christianity to the Lun Bawang people.

MEGACITY

Megacity:Angkor Wat

Who built Angkor Wat?

*Angkor Wat is build by Khmer people for King Suryavarnam II.

What does'Angkor Wat' mean?

*Angkor wat mean 'city temple' Angkor is from sanskrit word 'nagara' mean capital.Wat is the khmer word for temple.

Who was the khmer's enemies?

*Chams is the tradition enemies of the khmer.

What is the 'Bayon' famous for?

*Bayon is surrounded by two long walls bearing an extraordinary collection bas relief scenesof legendary and historical event.It is also famous cause of its beautiful decoration and artistic statues.









What was the 'Bayon'?

*Bayon is huge stone heads of the king which embellished the Khmer temple at Angkor in Cambodia.

Who was Chou Ta-kuan?

*A Chinese diplomat under the Temur Khan, Emperor Chongzong of Yuan who was wrote the detailed report of the Angkor people.

What is the main for the fall of the Khmer empire?

*Cham has launched a surprised attack and pillaged the Khmer capital.Beside that,the declining harvests further weakened the empire. In 1431,the superiority of Ayutthaya was too great, and the Thai army conquered Angkor.

How did Angkor Wat survived?

*Angkor Wat survived by collecting water from rivers for agriculture as well as draining and reserving water from the monsoon season.Storing the water helped as the area only had two season.

What contributed to the rise of Angkor?

*Under the king Suryavarnam reign, the largest temple of Angkor was built which is dedicated to the God Vishnu The monks who keeps visiting the temple as pilgrimage site.

How did the Khmer cultive vice?

*They built barays in which they store water for the use of cultivating rice,they used a lot of main power to harvest an animal. The animal used to carry the yield and after harvest, they need to store the yield and then need to use animal.

What contributed to the fall of Angkor?

*The main reason in fall of Angkor is the death of king Suryavarnam II it is cause of cham,the enimies of Khmer.

How did the main temple (Angkor wat) survive?

*Angkor is situated in the North of Tonle Sap Lake and bringing its location is very strategic.It’s also was protected by rugged thick forest. It would be the only way for their enemies to launch surprise attack or against the Angkor.They have to sail up from the Mekong River,if the enemies intended to attack the Angkor,

ART

ART:ARABIC CALLIGRAPHY

The art of the pen

The Arabic language is famous along with the religion of Islam.The holy book of Islam is Al-Quran.The Al-Quran is writen in calligraphy Arabic.Now calligraphy has become most respected art form in Islamic world because it cover the literary heritage of Arabic language with the religion of Islam.
The calligraphy is an artistic traditition of other beauty,richness and power. Caligraphy is an extremely most of the great.At Malaysia Arabic calligraphy as known as"tulisan khat" Muslim masters finished and fill the free time in their lives to perfect their art because they all believe it can bring their lives harmonies with art their do.
However to do a Arabic calliraphy not requires discipline of develop tecnical skill only,but also must have patience and engagement of the calligrapher's moral force and personality.In Malaysia Arabic calligraphy are divided into several type.for example"khat nasakh","khat thuluth","khat raqe'ah" and " khat dewani"
The following,our team put the image and example of Arabic Calligraphy.

Media

Definition of media.

Media is refers to various communication.Media can be classification into several group.Media through which news, entertainment, education, data, or promotional messages are disseminated. Media includes every broadcasting and narrowcasting medium such as newspapers, magazines, TV, radio, billboards, direct mail, telephone, fax, and internet.

In the era now,media is better modern and effective than before because it follow by changes instrumentation spohisticated it modern.


Type of media are famous now:Handphone




The type of media are famous now is handphone,everyone now have a handphone per person.Handphone is electronic device used for mobile communication over a celular network of specialized based stations known as cell sites.The advantage is current mobiles phones may support many additional services and accessories,such as SMS,packet switching for access to the internet,gaming,bluetooth,infrared,camera,MP3 player,radio and GPS.


There are several categories of mobiles,from basic phone to features phone such as musicphones and cameraphones,to smartphones.Several phone series have been introduced to address a given market segment,such as the RIM Black Berry focusing on enterprise costumer email need;the SonyEricson Walkman series of musicphones and Cybershot series of caameraphones;te Nokia N-series ofmultimedia phones,and the Apple iPhone which provides full featured web access and multimedi capabilities.

POLITICS

POLITICS

GREAT NORTERN WAR

Great Nortern War is about Peter who want made a temporary peace with the Ottoman Empire that allowed him to keep the captured fort of Azov.He sought to get control of the Baltic Sea,which had been taken by Sweden a half-century earlier.He declared war on Sweden that time led by King Charles XII.

Peter 1 of Russia pacifies his marauding troops after taking Narva in 1704

Russia turned out to be ill-prepared to attacks the Swedens,and their first attempt at seizing the Baltic coast ended in disaster at warfare at Narva in 1700.In the conflict,the forces of Charles XII used a blinding snowstorm to their advantages.After the warfare,Charles XII decide to concerate his forces against the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and he give Peter I time to reorganize the Russian Army.

Peter founded the city of Saint Petersburg,which in Ingemanland in 1703.He forbade the building of stone edifies outside Saint Petersburg,which he intended to become Russia's capital.So taht all the stonemasons could participates in the construction of the new city and he took Martha Skayronskaya as a mistress.

Peter I in warfare of Poltava

Charles XII refused to retreat to Poland or back to Sweden,instead invading Ukraine.Peter withdrew his army southward,destroying any poverty that could assint the Swedes along the way.The Swedens army was forced to halt its advance in the winter of 1708-1709.In the summer of 1709,they nevertheless resumed their effort to capture Ukraine.

Peter receive support from Balkan alies,attacked the Ottoman Empire,initiating the Russo-Turkish War of 1710.Normally,the bayor Duma have exercised power during his absence.However,mistursted the boyer,he instead abolished the Duna and create a senate of ten members.Peter's campaign in the Ottoman Empire was distroy in the ensuring peace treaty.

Peter's nortern armies took the swedish province of Livonia,driving the Swedes back into Finland in 1714 the Russian fleet won thr warfare of Gangut.Peter also obtained the assistance of the Electorate of Hanover and the Kingdom of Russia.Charles XII refused to yield and not until his death in battle in 1718 did peace become feasible.In 1721,the Treaty of Nystad ended what became known as Great Nortern War.

Communication

THE BEST WAY TO COMMUNICATE

-> Improve your vocabulary by reading as often as you can. People who communicate effectively usually have a strong grasp of language and an outstanding vocabulary. It is often difficult to express thoughts because you cannot find the right words. The simple act of reading will naturally grow your vocabulary, giving you a better shot at coming up with the exact words you need at the exact time you need them.

->Try to focus on the point that you are trying to express devoid of emotion. Oftentimes, when you debate or argue as a couple or family, egos get bruised causing defensive behavior and language that was not your original intent. This only leads to confusion and misunderstandings. As soon as you feel your emotions welling up, or feelings of defensiveness arising, try to immediately focus on your original idea or point, and try to express it using different language, rather than jumping on an insulting comment. Once your point is expressed clearly and understood, your partner in debate, may retract the hurtful remark, and you will have reached a better place of understanding.

>Listen. While staying on the task of expressing your own thoughts is key, doing so without listening to others negates any progress you have made in communicating effectively. When your spouse, family member or friend is speaking, focus on what the other person is saying, without planning what you will say to combat his thoughts, at least until he is finished speaking. This way you will have a greater chance of speaking coherently about what you have just heard, and a much greater chance of your thoughts being well received and clearly understood.
> Speak with passion. When giving a speech or presentation at work, the first step to communicating clearly is caring about the topic. Understandably this may not be possible at all times, but do your best to stimulate your own interest in the subject that you are speaking about prior to the big day.

> Stay in the moment. This is probably the best way to communicate effectively in any circumstance. It can be so very easy to let any number of things take your mind off of what you are talking about. Try to ignore what may appear to be negative responses on people's faces, because most of the time, people are completely unaware that they are making such faces. Inside they might be thinking how incredible your speech has been, and hanging on your every word. Appearances can be incredibly deceiving. The most successful people in every area of life, from acting to accounting, to fatherhood, have learned to stay in the moment, captivated by what is happening in the present, and avoiding letting their minds deviate from that moment in time.

EMO MUSIC-YOUTH CULTURE

Breaking is a street dance style that evolved as part of the hip hop movement among African American and Latino American youths in Manhattan and the South Bronx of New York City during the early 1970s. It is normally danced to hip hop music, often remixed to prolong the breaks , and is a well known hip hop dance style. Break-dancing involves the dance elements of top rock, down rock, freezes, and power moves. A break-dancer, breaker, b-boy or b-girl refers to a person who practices break-dancing.

Schloss also states that, the term is also problematic on a practical level break dancing is often used as an umbrella term that includes not only b-boy but locking, and other so called funk-style dances that originated in California, and says that the break dance is often used disparagingly. A break dancer is someone who has learned the dance for mercenary reasons, while a b-boy has learned it through a commitment to the culture.

However, referring to the terms "break dancer" and "break dancing," hip-hop scholar Joseph Schloss in the book "Foundation B-boys, B-girls, And Hip-Hop Culture In New York" states the term break dancing connotes exploitation and disregard for the dance's roots in hip-hop culture, most feel that the term was part of a larger attempt by the mass media to recast their raw street dance as a nonthreatening form of musical acrobatics, one of the first things that beginning b-boys or b-girls learn from their peers is not to refer to the practice as "break dancing," and "those who are unfamiliar with the culture may be surprised at the vehemence of b-boys feelings about the term.